New Media producer at Arizona State University.
http://at.uto.asu.edu

When we think about the distribution industry being disrupted, we tend to think about music and movies, whose physical media and vast shipment infrastructure have been rendered mostly obsolete over the last decade. To a lesser extent, we hear about print, and the effect of e-readers and web consumption on books and magazines. No one is making the change particularly gracefully, and the same can be said of the textbook business, which does millions of dollars of business every year selling incredibly expensive items to students — who likely consider them anachronisms.
Rice University, which has been pushing alternative distribution mechanisms for scholarly publications for years, has announced a new initiative, by which they hope to publish free, high-quality textbooks in core subjects like physics and biology via a non-profit publisher called OpenStax College. It’s the polar opposite of Apple’s iBooks textbooks, which, while they too help drag this dusty industry into the present, amount more to a new sales vector for the publishers than competition.
Rice and OpenStax aren’t the first people to propose open-source or free textbooks. There are collections here and there, like Flat World Knowledge and Apple’s iTunes U — but they’re decidedly short on the type of books a freshman might have to buy for their year of survey courses: Biology 1, Physics 1, Sociology 1, Psychology 1. And 11 Learning has a similar idea of collaboration producing a book, but their creation model may not be economically feasible.
And of course there are the many companies that want to remove textbooks from the equation entirely. Setting up textbook platforms on new devices like Kno and Inkling, making an environment for meta-curricular activities and non-traditional learning like Khan Academy, or virtualizing the whole education experience, something with which many universities are tinkering.
But textbooks are still big business, and their utility in the education system is difficult to argue with right now. So OpenStax splits the difference: fueled by grant money from a number of private foundations (i.e. not government grants), they’re putting together full-on textbooks, peer-reviewed, professionally laid out, and all that. These textbooks will be provided for free in file form. But supplementary materials — quizzes, videos, presentations, and the like, presumably — cost money.
It would be petty to call this a bait and switch, since the bulk of the material is being provided for free. And a savvy professor or TA can scrape quite a few supplementary materials from the web already, thanks to those post-textbook services already mentioned. Providing the meat for free and the potatoes for a price is perfectly reasonable.
What remains to be seen is the quality of the textbooks. So far OpenStax has signed up “in the low tens” of colleged and universities to use the books. Institutions probably are waiting to see how the next year or so plays out: everything is in flux and to commit to one platform over another when the true costs and benefits are still unclear would be a bad move.
OpenStax’s first textbooks, for physics and sociology, will be coming in March, with others following later in the year. A strange time to make a debut, in a way, as the school year is well underway and many intro courses won’t be offered. But it will give time for the creaking machinery of academia to notice, acknowledge, examine, and judge the OpenStax offering. It may be that they can demonstrate their agility in fixing, improving, and expanding the content on the fly, which could either impress or terrify nodding faculty members who use the same text for a decade at a time.
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“iPads And Digital Textbooks Don’t Belong In Classrooms Yet”? What a headline. Alas, it doesn’t quite do the post justice; Matt actually raises a few valid points on the potential woes of digitally assisted learning, but they’re lost under a headline that (falsely) paint him as some sort of luddite.
iPads absolutely have a place in the classroom. It’s just a matter of finding a balance.
Let me tell you a bit about my childhood.
I grew up in an interesting place, in an interesting time. My (relatively) small town was about an hour outside of San Jose — just close enough to the glowing core of Silicon Valley as to feel its warmth, but far enough that you always wondered if you were actually a part of it. If Cupertino is the heart, we were its appendix. For every tech millionaire who chose my town as their escape, there were two nth-generation locals with calluses for hands and sweat for blood. It made for an interesting crowd.
By the time I hit gradeschool (’92 or so?[Cue jabs at my age]), computers were by no means rare in my area. While they still weren’t nearly as ubiquitous as they are today, I was lucky enough to be coming in just as the late 80′s explosion of computers into education had begun to pay off. Most (but not all) classrooms had one, and the teachers knew how to use them (with the vast majority happily embracing them). By second grade, computers were deeply intertwined into our curriculum.
And thank heavens for that. That immersion into technology is a driving factor for who I am today. The early typing classes turned me into a key-pounding monster (I was unknowingly being polished for this very job.) The BASIC programming classes that came later were the foundation for the programming and web design work I did to avoid getting a real job in High school, and the early introduction to technology acted as a spark for my still-burning desire to learn as much about it as I possibly can. I consider myself a part of the first generation born and raised with keyboard in tow, and I love it.
Now, what does all of this have to with Matt’s post?
Even in my little town located but a stones throw from the core, there was some resistance to letting computers make their way into schools. In the build up to the aforementioned educational computer explosion, naysayers were asking many of the same questions that Matt asks in his post, and that I see being asked in the comments down below it.
“What if it becomes a crutch? I want my kids to know how to actually do math, not push buttons.”
This is a matter of curriculum, not the tools used. If a kid leaves knowing how to solve a math problem (or whatever challenge) using a calculator (or in this case, iPad) but turns to stone when the calculator is taken away, it’s because something in the teaching process was broken, not because the calculator was introduced.
That’s not to pretend that I’m some sort of math wiz regardless of my computer-heavy upbringing — quite the contrary, in fact, and that’s part of the reason I’m comfortable waxing on about this topic.
With a connected device in hand, I am a demigod. With a universe of knowledge at my fingertips, I am all-knowing. 37th President of the US? boop boop boop Nixon! Math problems? More like math LOL–BREMS. Bear attack? Don’t sweat it guys: If we’ve got signal, I’ve got this.
Take away my device, and I am a shadow of my former self. Dewey decimal system? I didn’t need that book anyway. Math proof? More like math POOF IM OUT. Drop me off in the middle of a forest, and I’m bear food by sun down.
I am the kid Matt worries about. But I’m okay with that — and I don’t blame my computer, or my calculator, or my iPhone. I don’t blame my teachers, either; it’s a weird, ever-evolving world we live in, and hindsight is 20/20. In the end, it’s no one’s fault but my own that I can’t recall how to do all of this stuff sans gadgetry.
With that said, I honestly believe it’s entirely possible — nay, crucial — to teach a kid to live both with and without technology. Teach and test them on how to do it the hard way (and more importantly, to understand the underlying concepts)… then drive it in with technology. If you instill a sense of pride in doing things with your very own brain, perhaps all that junk won’t fly out the window as soon as the diploma is signed. It’s all about balance.
“But they’ll be so distracting!”
Of course they will! Anything you put in front of a kid, if they have no interest in being there, is a distraction. Paper and pencil? Doodle time! Science book? Let’s scan the index and try to find pictures of boobs! Graphing calculator? Don’t even get me started.
Here’s the thing: true attention is binary — you’re either paying attention, or you aren’t. Being distracted by an iPad is no worse than being distracted by anything else. Again, it all comes down to the teacher and how they use the tools at hand. If you can get away with playing Infinity Blade II (Matt’s example) in class on a 9.7″ display, your teacher probably isn’t paying much attention either.
“But what possible value do they actually add?”
Instant feedback, tailored to a kid’s learning style. The physical metaphor in touch interaction. Enjoying learning, even when the kids don’t realize they’re learning. Portability. Share-ability. (And, to go slightly tangential for a second, security. It’s a lot harder for a kid to accidentally bork the iPad’s software then it is to demolish a computer running XP/IE.) To say a tablet adds nothing over books, or even over a more traditional computer, is incredibly short-sighted.
“But they cost so much! There’s no way District X can afford these”
Technology is expensive, period. Just as not every school district got computers at the same time, not every school district needs to get tablets right away. Those that can afford to experiment can — and should. When District X can afford them in a way they feel is beneficial to their curriculum, they should. Whether that means one tablet per student, a tablet lab, a roaming tablet cart, or a single shared presentation tablet isn’t set in stone. One school using a new tool and a new teaching method doesn’t antiquate all that came before it for everyone else— and regardless of Apple’s announcement today, school books aren’t going anywhere any time soon,
(Oh, and given Apple’s history with schools and little details like all of today’s new stuff being compatible with the original iPad: if you think Apple’s not going to find a way to push iPads into schools on the cheap, you’re crazy)
Tablets, like their bigger desktop computer brethren, aren’t going anywhere. Nor are touch interfaces. For a kid entering Kindergarten this year, tablets and other portable form factors will likely be as big a part of his life as any other computing device. If school is a place for learning, it’s our duty to surround kids with the technology that will empower their lives. We must teach them a deep comprehension of the world around them, but also how to traverse its challenges in the most efficient of ways. Teach technology as a means of efficiency, not a means to an end — find the balance.
Kno has sent early word of two major updates for its iPad textbook app (App Store, not yet updated). Kno Flashcards rely on a unique auto-generation technique that looks for key terms and generates flash cards that are grouped together to quickly create a study guide around a chapter or other segment. The development is based on research into episodic memory patterns, the effect of repetition, and metacognition, all of which should lead to genuine learning and not just memorization, Kno claims....
The latest scuttlebutt on Apple’s big education announcement next week: the company is venturing into textbooks.
An industry insider confirmed to the New York Times that Apple will, in fact, be partnering with textbook publishers. No new devices will be shown, the source says, but Apple will discuss their new digital textbook business next week.
“Join us for an education announcement in the Big Apple,” is all the invitation from Apple says. Mashable will be reporting from the event at the Guggenheim Museum in New York City on Jan. 19.
The location makes sense for a textbook announcement; New York City is a hot spot for textbook publishers. But will cash-strapped college students pay for digital books when studies show that renting paper books is cheaper? The same report did show, however, that digital books are typically cheaper than new paperback books.
In addition to the price, the majority of students prefer printed books, according to another study. So Apple has its work cut out for it. The company will need to partner with enough publishers, and make its digital books cheap and good looking enough to trump even used and rental print editions.
Textbook giants McGraw-Hill and Pearson already have a stake in the digital book realm. Still, aligning their companies with a brand such as Apple and the massive market presence that goes with it — particularly in some Newsstand-like venture — could make digital textbooks soar.
Newsstand increased revenues by more than 200% for at least one magazine publisher (Conde Nast). Other New York publishers will have taken note. History has shown that when Apple jumps into an industry — music, movies, phone apps, books and magazines — the prices drop, and Apple dominates the market.
Could affordable digital textbooks be the preferred choice of college students in the near future? What do you think about Apple getting into the textbook game? Let us know in the comments.

I have a big announcement to make. For the first time ever, iFixit is branching out from our core business of selling parts and tools. We’re going to start selling software—the same software that we use to run iFixit. This is something that astute observers may have expected from the development, and success, of Make: Projects.
User manuals are stuck in the 20th century. Even the best manuals are still distributed as static PDFs. Service technicians are often stuck with documentation that is months, if not years, out of date. Users hate IKEA-style manuals with vague instructions, confusing graphics, and no photos.
We started iFixit with the idea that there was a better way—that useful documentation could help people do amazing things.
Our intuitive, step-by-step repair manuals changed the world. Millions of people have fixed their own electronics using iFixit’s manuals—making it the most popular service documentation platform ever created.
Today, we are announcing Dozuki: the software behind iFixit’s manuals. We’re taking the site that you all know and love, and turning the technology behind it into software products that we’re going to sell to manufacturers. Dozuki has two products, Guidebook and Answers. Check it out at dozuki.com, and let me know what you think.
Daily Mail points out that usually when a candidate, or President (or in this case President Candidate) rides off in a tour bus it’s usually painted with cheerful slogans, colors, and somehow incorporates the American flag or at the very least, an eagle.
Not Obama’s bus.
It’s big, black, and foreboding.
Because nothing says “Let’s tour American and talk about jobs!” than a big black, hearse-mobile of doom. A giant hearse wherein lies the American economy.
In fact, play the below while you look at the photo above. Imagine if the American public sprang for some Peavys affixed to the top that would blast this as it rolled through the cornfields:
Honestly, why on earth did the administration go with such a vehicle? (Personally, I’m a fan of black and eschew bright colors, but I’m not touring the country trying to bring some hopenchange to Americans in a time when the economy is circling the drain.) They couldn’t at the very least paint a smiley face on it? Is it because the public is footing the bill?
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#phonar, short for “Photography and Narrative”, is a free and open undergraduate photography course run by Jonathan Worth at Coventry University in the UK. Worth spent nearly 15 years as a successful commercial portrait photographer in New York before taking this part-time teaching position, and invites some pretty prominent photographers to guest lecture in the class. Participants have access to recorded lectures, assignments, and special discussions.
You can check out the material from last year’s class on the course website, or participate in this year’s class starting in October by signing up here. There’s also a second course in the Winter called #picbod. Yay for free online education!